Business Environment. Understanding the Organisational Purposes of Business

Introduction In this assignment I am going to identify the purposes of different types of organisations, describe the extent to which an organisation meets the objectives of different stakeholders and explain the responsibilities of an organisation and strategies employed to meet them. I am also going to give examples based on my own personal experience. Identify the purposes of different types of organisation Business organisations can be divided mainly into two sectors. The private sector, which is formed by sole traders, partnerships, companies and franchises. The sole trader is the most popular form of business ownership. This kind of business is managed by only one individual who puts all of his savings and his time into making it a success. He is his own boss but it also has a negative aspect which is that he has to deal with a lot of responsibilities. For example window cleaning, plumbing. Partnerships can have between two and twenty partners. There can be exceptions for some forms of partnerships such as big accountancy firms whose partners also enjoy limited liability. This means that they can only loose the amount of money that they have invested even if the business goes bankrupt. E. g. vets, solicitors. Companies are owned by shareholders who choose Directors to give direction to the business. The Chief Executive has the responsibility of making the most important decisions. Specialist Managers will be appointed to run the company on behalf of the Board. Shareholders put funds into the company by buying shares. Every company must register with the Registrar of Companies, and must have an official address. Private companies have Ltd after their name. They are normally smaller than public companies. Shares in a private company can only be bought and sold with permission of the Board of Directors. Franchises are businesses in which someone gets formal permission given by a company to sell its goods or services in a particular area. The business policies have to be the same in every establishment. The franchise pays a sum of money as capital and the franchisor is responsible of the equipment. The first one must buy a certain amount of supplies from the econd in order to make sure that the quality of the product is the same as the original. This together with a percentage of the profits of the business goes to the franchisor. The advantages of Franchises are that they have a well-known name. For example McDonalds. The main aim of all of these private organisations is to make a profit. Other goals consist on having a good customer service, gaining a good reputation, offering quality product s, etc. Even when they do charity events these organisations earn a profit on the long run because of the positive publicity they obtain. This will make them increase their number of customers and make them look more competitive towards their rivals. The public sector is made up of central government, local government and businesses that are owned by government. A Public Limited Company has its shares traded on the Stock Exchange, which can make it win a large sum of money in a very short period of time. On the contrary the original shareholders could lose the control of the business if large quantities of shares are bought as part of a takeover. To create a Public Limited Company the directors must apply to the Stock Exchange Council, which will check the accounts. Non- Profit organisations receive donations or funds from groups or governments. All the money they earn from selling goods, which have usually been donated by the public, goes straight back into the organisation to improve the quality of their service. The aim of the public sector is not to generate a profit but also not to waste money just to generate enough to be able to continue with their community services. Describe the extent to which an organisation meets the objectives of different stakeholders A stakeholder is a person, group or organisation that has a direct or indirect stake in an organisation because it can affect or be affected by the organisations actions, objectives and policies. The following are different types of stakeholders which you could find in the private sector. Owners or shareholders who want the business to be a success because they have invested their own capital and expect to gain a profit out of it. An organisation has legal and moral obligations to its owners being the most important one to try and ensure that they receive an adequate return on their investment. Employees are a vital part of any organisation. In order for a business to succeed it needs to offer a nice working atmosphere and pay good wages to their employees to keep them motivated at the workplace. One way to achieve this is by implanting performance related bonuses which are usually related to the success of the business as a whole. In this case both parties will be satisfied with the end result. Unions. Their goal is to better the employees work conditions by trying to increase wages and secure jobs. Managers usually have a fluent verbal communication with the union’s spokesperson to avoid any conflicts that could occur if their demands are not materialised even if not completely in some way. Customers. A business has to know how to fulfil their customers’ needs which includes offering quality products at a reasonable price, that the goods they have gone to purchase are available because otherwise they will go to the competition to get them and that they receive good customer care. All of these factors will make the organisation have a fixed clientele because they will come back if the experience has been good and it will also make it gain customers thanks to the word of mouth recommendations. All of the above are primary stakeholders as they have some direct interest or stake in the organisation. Secondary stakeholders are public or special interest groups that do not have a direct stake in the organisation but are still affected by its operations. Some examples could be the local, state, and federal government, trade and industry groups, media, competitors, etc. Explain the responsibilities of an organisation and strategies employed to meet them Organisations not only have moral and ethical responsibilities towards a range of stakeholders but also towards the wider community. The term Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) refers to the responsibilities that modern business organisations have to create a healthy and prosperous society. They also have legal responsibilities which include consumer and product laws, environment laws and employment laws. These laws obligate the organisation to create new jobs, reduce contamination by for example using plastic bags that can be recycled, etc. nd at the same time they are doing something good for the community. Corporate Social Responsibility involves making sure that the organisations goods and services meet the customers’ demands and are provided in a fair way and also that they are involved in relevant sponsorship and humanitarian activities to help social development. Normally there are e ight main types of strategies in which an organisation can be involved with at any time: Growth involves the expansion of a business, its markets, products, size, etc. For an organisation to grow it needs to find up and coming markets where they will be able to make a profit. Stability involves a consolidation strategy for the organisation. There must be set guidelines so that the business can keep on working efficiently even if changes occur. Profitability. Gaining a profit is essential for nearly every organisation especially for the private sector where shareholders have a lot of influence. Efficiency consists on using the means the organisation has in the right way. It is an important strategy for public sector service organisations to demonstrate that the taxpayer’s money has been used properly. Market leadership strategies are about being the best in your market. The market leader can obtain cheaper stock because they buy larger amounts of it. Survival. In such a competitive business environment survival is the key to be able to continue advancing. Merger and acquisition makes the organisations benefit from the advantages of integration by for example gaining new customers. Globalisation strategies involve expanding internationally to countries where normally the cost of production is lower and this will make them gain a larger profit. Based on my personal experience in the private sector in which I have worked for McDonalds and for El Corte Ingles I have observed several differences. On the one hand, McDonalds which is a franchise, pays the minimum wage and their clientele is formed by the working class. On the other hand, El Corte Ingles, which is the first distribution group of Spain in the sales volume sector and is formed by eighty department stores all over the Spanish territory. The wages are higher than in McDonalds and the products they offer are usually select. For this reason customers range from middle to upper class. Both are commercial organisations which means that their income must be bigger than their expenses. Conclusion In conclusion I have learnt that for an organisation to be successful it needs to adapt to the current situation and has to develop new strategies to be able to compete with rivals. Offering quality products at a reasonable price will make customers buy more which will activate the economy and the organisation will still gain a profit. References The Times 100 Business case studies. Revision theory – Strategy theory. www. businesscasestudies. co. uk VCE IT Lecture Notes – Organisational goals. www. vceit. com :

Introduction to Duty of Care in Health Essay

1.1 Duty of care is your responsibilities and legal obligations of an individual or organisation. We must adhere to a standard of reasonable care in our work role. 1.2 The duty of care affects my work role as it is a requirement that I am aware of the policies and procedures in place within my department and in the Trust as a whole. It is important that I participate in regular training events to ensure my knowledge of these policies and procedures is relevant and up-to-date. This includes manual handling, fire safety, safeguarding, clinical skills, infection prevention and information governance. 2.1 Dilemmas that could arise between the duty of care and an individual’s rights in my role are if a patient were to divulge information of abuse, I would have a duty to pass this information on to relevant staff members even if the patient told me in confidence. If a member of staff was doing something that could compromise the care of a patient, it would be my duty to report such behaviour to management. Also, if I was asked to do something that I was not competent at doing or using a piece of equipment in an unsafe way, it would be my duty and my individual right to refuse as it could result in harm to a patient, myself or colleague. 2.2 I would be able to get additional support and advice about how to resolve such dilemmas by talking to my line manager. If the dilemma involved a colleague and I thought there could be negative attitudes against me, there is a whistleblowing policy in place. If the dilemma was concerning safeguarding, I could talk to the safeguarding team about my concerns. I could also use InSite to look at policies and procedures and I could speak to senior members of staff. see more:explain what it means to have a duty of care in own work role nvq 3.1 If someone is making a complaint to you or has asked to speak to someone about making a complaint, it is important to stay calm, be polite and listen to them, there may be a way of resolving the issue without making a formal complaint. Do not be patronising or sarcastic, don’t quote policies or lose your temper. 3.2 The main points of agreed procedure for handling complaints are: †¢Listen carefully and show empathy. †¢Confirm and agree the detail of the complaint. Record the complaint formally using the verbal complaint record and ensure a copy is passed on to your line manager and the complaints office. †¢Be alert to confidentiality issues – seek consent as necessary. †¢Always offer an apology – this is not acceptance of liability. †¢Confirm what you will be doing to resolve the complaint. If the complaint will be more appropriately managed by another member of staff, explain this to the complainant and ‘hand over’ to the appropriate staff member. †¢Agree the timeframes within which you will be reporting back to the complainant – Within the target of 48hrs. †¢Respond to the complainant within the agreed timescale. †¢Indicate clearly the detail of any action that will be taken as a result of the complaint. †¢Should the complainant request a written response, ensure your line manager is aware and response action, as appropriate agreed with the complaints office. †¢Facilitate implementation of any agreed action.

The nature of general tortious liability comparing and contrasting to Essay

The nature of general tortious liability comparing and contrasting to contractual liability - Essay Example The paper tells that the similarity between general tortuous liability and contractual liability is that both give rise to actionable demands in a court of law, and both, if adequately proven, entitle the plaintiff to damages from the defendant. The main difference between general tortuous liability and contractual liability is that the latter is strictly voluntary, in that the parties by mutual consent, agree to bind themselves to certain obligations to each other, and be liable for damages in case of breach. These obligations are stipulated in a contract that shall be the law between the parties. For there to be a valid contract, there must be a meeting of the minds, i.e., an intent to create legal relations, an offer and acceptance, and mutual consideration and the parties must be capacitated to enter into the contract. One of the classical and enduring cases of contract law is the case of Carlill v. Carbolic Smoke Ball EWCA Civ 1. In this case, a company had come out with an adve rtisement challenging readers to use Carbolic Smoke Ball to prevent Influenza. It said that if used according to instructions, the user would not be susceptible to Influenza anymore, and if he still contracted the disease, the company would pay him 100 pounds. When a claimant came out, the company refused to pay, saying that there was no intent to create legal relations. In finding against the company, the court held that a valid and legally enforceable contract existed. In a situation where a valid contract existed, breach of it would constitute contractual liability. For example, in a contract of the sale of apples of a certain quality, if an inferior quality was delivered, it can be said that a contractual liability is created. In contrast, tortuous liability does not attach by reason of contract, but because of a breach of a duty of care. It is quite possible that the defendant may not have been aware of the extent of his liability or may not even know the person to whom he is l iable, quite unlike parties to a contract who are all known to each other. To quote the seminal case of Donoghue v. Stevenson 1932] UKHL 100 (26 May 1932) " You must take reasonable care to avoid acts or omissions which you can reasonably foresee would be likely to injure your neighbour. Who then is my neighbour? The answer seems to be - persons who are so directly affected by my act that I ought reasonably to have them in contemplation as being affected when I am directing my mind to the acts or omissions which are called in question." After Donoghue, the definition of what constitutes tortuous liability has been refined considerably and has crystallised into a three-way test: proximity (as held in the case of Donoghue), foreseeability, which means that the defendant should have been able to foresee the consequences of his or her actions (Caparo Industries Plc v Dickman and Others [1990] 2 AC 605.), and the test of â€Å"fair, just and reasonable†, recently upheld in the cas e of McFarlane and Another v Tayside Health Board [2000] 2 AC 59. To demonstrate causation in tort law – i.e., to show that the loss caused to the claimant was a result of a breach of duty of care by the defendant – the most simple test is the â€Å"but for† test. But for the defendant’s actions, would the claimant have incurred the loss? This was elucidated first in the case of Barnett v. Chelsea & Kensington Hospital ([1969] 1 QB 428) where a doctor was not held liable for a patient’s death even if he did not examine the latter, because the patient would have died anyway with or without the ministrations of the doctor. However, it must be remembered that one incident can give rise to several claims, and a claimant can elect between a breach of contract claim or a negligence claim involving duty of care1. (Jones, 2000, page 379). Explain the nature of liability in negligence and the concept of vicarious liability (P8 & P9) The nature of

Character Profile Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 1

Character Profile - Essay Example These include a diary, three mobile phones, a laptop, spectacles, and an office desk. In addition, the interviewee appears to be working because his eyes are trained on the laptop screen while his right hand appears to be manipulating the mouse. The photograph has been taken from close quarters, clearly depicting the subject’s facial expression and current activity. Viewers can see that the participant is focused on his work and can relate to the themes of employment and directorship. The photograph has been shot wide, meaning that viewers can easily understand the context of the participant (Goc & Tynan 2011: 312). The participant has an office, so the photograph shows typical office materials. The sharpness of the photograph is crucial in accentuating the physical appearance of the subject. In the profile, it is mentioned that the participant is of Asian (South Korean) origin, and the photograph validates this information. As a result, it is safe to say that the photograph meets photojournalistic standards because it tells the same story as the profile (Caple 2013: 28). The profile is based on principles of story-driven (rather than objective) journalism (Goc & Tynan 2011: 316). It is also structured in a narrative format that encourages flowing readership by any news audience. However, the context of the profile is objective because it is relevant to international students, particularly those from Asian countries who wish to live and study in Australia or already live and work there. Since he is of Asian origin, Jason’s story appeals to this category of students, who can easily relate to his experiences. The profile has also been written using a formal journalistic style. In this sense, the paragraphs are well-organised, the punctuation and grammar are accurate, and the language is formal (Goc & Tynan 2011: 318). It is also worth noting that

Autobiography Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Autobiography - Essay Example one brother and one sister. I am the eldest of all my siblings. Starting from the days of my childhood I always had a keen interest in education and that is the reason I decided to pursue some degree to achieve a successful career. Born in Mongolia we never were modern enough to know about a lot of things in the modern world and that is why I had to face several difficulties when I moved from Mongolia. My childhood was a pleasant journey for me as I gained a lot of knowledge during my childhood. After reaching an age of twenty one me and my parents moved over to the United States but had to face several problems because of the new culture that we found here. Now after living here for five years I have become used to this culture and consider myself an important part of USA. My childhood was filled with good memories about my parents and siblings as we used to live together happily as a family. My siblings were always nice to me and had my support in whatever problem that they faced i n their life. As I was the eldest of my siblings I had to take some responsibilities whenever it came to my siblings. I was very possessive about my sister and brother when they were young and solved a lot of problems that they were going through in their childhood. Once my brother was being bullied by his classmates and someone told me about it. I ran to the scene and a fight broke out between the bullies and my friends after which they never even talked to my brother. My sister has always been a powerful figure in life and has solved her problems by herself. She has been quite competitive in her class and is the best amongst us in studies. I started studying when I was at the age of six years. I joined Mongolian Russian joint school to complete my high school. During my school life I had to go through a lot of ups and downs. I was interested in sports and joined the school team of basketball. While I contributed to the sports of my school I also worked hard for my studies and was good in the subjects of Mathematics, Physics and Chemistry. I was involved in other activities while I was studying for my high school. After I entered high school I started modelling and went to the competitions of modelling. Although I could not win I learned quite a few things and had exposure in the new arena of modelling. Ever since I entered high school I learned about the concept of diversity. In my class I had many students who belonged to different countries and spoke different languages. Seeing these people I developed a keen interest in their languages and decided to increase my knowledge in the subject of diversity. Ever since my high school I have been interested in learning about new cultures and have gained much about the concept of diversity. Multilingual classrooms proved to be somewhat helpful for me in gaining different concepts. As I developed a keen interest in learning about new culture I also visited several places in Russia and China. Seeing the people over t here at first I got a bit confused as the people living in China and Russia followed different traditions. After viewing their traditions and culture I researched on them and found quite interesting things about them. Visiting China and Russia increased my knowledge about their history which I previously was unknown about. All these points have counted for me so that I can understand life in a better way. I completed my high school at the age of 16 and struggled ahead to complete my educational career. Life in itself is an experience for every

The Safety of Medication Administration Assignment

The Safety of Medication Administration - Assignment Example he factors that contribute to medication error and immediately address these through an implementation of an electronic ordering system and by â€Å"incorporating bar-code verification technology within an electronic medication-administration system (bar-code eMAR)† (Poon, et al. 1698). could be deduced that from 2009 (Indiana State Department of Health: Report for 2009), the total number of hospitals in Indiana was 147 and was increased to 149 in 2011 (Indiana State Department of Health: Report for 2011). However, the total number of medication errors increased from 89 in 2009 to 94 to 2011, or 5.62%. The increase was noted to have come from care management, which exhibited an increase from 27 errors in 2009 to 44 errors in 2011. The errors under care management were explicitly identified under: Stage 3 or 4 Pressure Ulcers acquired after admission (Indiana State Department of Health). As proposed by Poon, et al., and Preidt, to avoid medication errors that ensue from timing, or inability to immediately address appropriate dispensation and administration of medications, an electronic ordering and administration system, through bar-code verification technology should be applied in contemporary health institutions, like ours. As emphasized by Poon, et al., the â€Å"use of the bar-code eMAR substantially reduced the rate of errors in order transcription and in medication administration as well as potential adverse drug events† (1706). Likewise, Preidt averred that â€Å"’Computerized provider order entry’ systems avoid the need to rely on handwritten instructions and provide built-in checks on drug doses and potentially harmful interactions with other medicines. These features help reduce the risk of medication mistakes† (par. 3). The insitution of these technological advancements would assist in improving care management and avoiding med ication errors associated to delays in dispensation and administration, as required. Solliday, Amanda. "Medical Error Reports

Alcatraz Island Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Alcatraz Island - Research Paper Example It was designed to be impossible to escape from, and was usually the last stop along a prison line for inmates considered â€Å"incorrigible† (Stollznow). Over the years of operation, from 1934 to 1963, thirty-six men tried fourteen different times to escape its walls (Ocean View Publishing Group). One of those was Frank Lee Morris, inmate AZ#1441 (Ocean View Publishing Group). When it was finally carried out, the escape attempt made by Frank Lee Morris, which spanned months of planning and included three other inmates, was the best escape even in its attempt by an Alcatraz inmate overall, mainly due to the meticulous nature of the planning behind it, as well as the fact that his body and 99% of the items used in the escape, even to this day, have never been found. The Escape Together with three other inmates, Morris finally succeeded in putting together a method that would enable him and the others to escape Alcatraz. One night, while trimming his nails, he noticed that the c lippers had a little â€Å"arm† with a pointed edge, and by digging it into the concrete of his cell wall, he discovered that he could gouge holes in it (Katz 210). The back of his cell had a vent that was six inches by ten inches, and Morris felt that if he could somehow enlarge this, he could slide through it into the unused utility corridor behind his cell (Katz 210). From that day on, digging commenced. Morris, brothers John and Clarence Anglin, and inmate Allen West would take turns digging around the vents in their cells (Ocean View Publishing Group). Morris and West were in adjoining cells, with the Anglin brothers in the next two adjoining cells (Ocean View Publishing Group). They worked in pairs, with one man chiseling and another keeping lookout (Ocean View Publishing Group). Morris fashioned crude tools from saw blades, as well as attempting to use a homemade drill (Ocean View Publishing Group). He also stole spoons from the cafeteria, leading them to be called the â€Å"Tablespoon Trio† together with the Anglin brothers after the escape (â€Å"The Tablespoon Trio† 25). They were able to dig without any guards noticing. In addition to the digging, Morris thought through every detail. He spent months building a raft out of raincoats that were issued to the inmates (Evans). In addition, he also fashioned a life preserver for each man (Evans). Perhaps, though, the most ingenious part of the plan was the â€Å"dummy heads†. Using concrete powder, mixed with soap and papier-mache, each inmate including Morris fashioned and painted a dummy head that looked remarkably lifelike (Albright 174). They were also topped off by real hair stolen from the barbershop (Albright 174). These heads fooled the guards for months while Morris was elsewhere during the night. The night of June 11, 1962, would be the last for Morris in Alcatraz. He slipped out of his cell and climbed one last time to the cell house roof (Evans). He then, after gath ering the supplies along with the Anglin brothers, made his way down 45 feet of pipe to the ground (Katz 212). The final escapee, Allen West, had made the error of cementing his false grate to the wall in places to avoid detection, and could not get it unstuck in time to join them; consequently, he was left behind (Evans). Morris inflated the raft with a â€Å"concertina† (accordion), and launched from the Northeast end of the island